Retrospective templates
Retrospective templates Updated

Plus Minus Interesting (PMI)retrospective template

A quick vote can flatten mixed evidence. Plus Minus Interesting slows the team down long enough to separate clear benefits and drawbacks from surprises, unanswered questions, and consequences that still need a label.

Duration
30 to 40 minutes
Team size
3 to 10 people
Best for
Experiments, mixed evidence, and decisions where a pros-and-cons list leaves uncertainty buried
Plus / Minus / Interesting retrospective template preview

What each column means

Use the prompts to keep cards specific. The examples show the level of detail that makes discussion and voting useful.

Plus

3

What helped, lowered risk, or worked well enough to protect?

  • Smaller releases made rollback decisions easier.
  • Pairing on the migration helped spread ownership of the work across the whole team.
  • Early customer calls corrected the riskiest assumption.

Minus

3

What added cost, friction, delay, or risk?

  • The rollout checklist arrived only after the team had already started implementation work.
  • Review work concentrated with one teammate for three days.
  • The noisy alert had unclear response ownership.

Interesting

3

Which details surprised us or remain uncertain, and what could change the way the team reads the result?

  • Support requests fell, but only for customers using the new flow.
  • The faster build shifted full-suite timing.
  • We still need to learn whether the improvement holds at peak traffic.

30 to 40 minutes agenda

A complete path from framing the room to assigning one concrete follow-up.

  1. 01

    Frame one subject

    Name the sprint, experiment, proposed change, or decision under review. Set clear start and end points for the evidence period.

    3 minutes
  2. 02

    Collect Plus evidence

    Write down concrete benefits, strengths, and outcomes that the team wants to protect. Ask for observable effects and skip general praise.

    5 minutes
  3. 03

    Collect Minus evidence

    Capture the costs, friction, delays, and risks first. Save every debate about solutions until the collection round is complete.

    5 minutes
  4. 04

    Explore what is Interesting

    Record surprises, unknowns, second-order effects, and evidence whose direction is still unclear.

    6 minutes
  5. 05

    Group and prioritize

    Cluster related evidence, then vote by impact or uncertainty. The card counts can stay in the background.

    10 minutes
  6. 06

    Protect, reduce, investigate

    Choose one clear strength that the team wants to preserve. Reduce one risk. Give one unanswered question an owner and a date for the next check.

    8 minutes

Use this format when

  • A sprint or experiment left mixed, incomplete evidence.
  • The team is weighing a process or product change that will affect how people work.
  • A pros-and-cons conversation keeps flattening the uncertainty.
  • People from several disciplines need to compare how one decision affects their work.

Choose another format when

  • An incident needs a factual timeline and a blameless review.
  • Start with psychological safety when a sensitive conflict makes an open evaluation feel risky to the people involved.
  • The team already knows the issue and needs direct habit choices. Start Stop Continue will get there faster.

Facilitation tips

  • Ask why an Interesting card surprised the team, what remains unresolved, or which test could clarify it. This keeps the column focused.
  • Give each column its own silent writing time before the group reads any cards aloud. Every type of evidence deserves a fair pass.
  • Ask for evidence and effects before the group decides how successful the change was.
  • Vote across the whole board, weighing impact and uncertainty separately.
  • Protect one strength. Reduce one drawback. Assign one person to investigate an unanswered question from the board.

Useful variations

Futurespective PMI

Use PMI before committing to a proposed change. Capture expected benefits, likely costs, and the assumptions that still need evidence.

Experiment-review PMI

Put the results beside a clear hypothesis. Use Interesting for side effects and unanswered questions.

Cross-functional PMI

Gather each discipline's view separately, then group the cards to find shared effects and important differences.

Before the retro

Recommended warm-up

This or That icebreaker game preview

This or That

Use a quick, low-pressure choice round before the retrospective begins.

Play the warm-up

Frequently asked questions

What is Plus Minus Interesting?

Plus Minus Interesting, or PMI, separates benefits, drawbacks, and open questions or possibilities before a team reaches a conclusion.

What belongs in the Interesting column?

Use Interesting for surprises, unanswered questions, neutral observations, and second-order effects. It also holds evidence that could change the decision once the team understands it better.

How is PMI different from pros and cons?

PMI gives uncertainty and curiosity one column. Useful evidence can stay open until the team knows which way it points.

Can PMI be used before making a decision?

Yes. A futurespective PMI compares expected benefits and likely costs while surfacing assumptions the team still needs to test.

How should a team turn PMI cards into actions?

Choose one Plus to protect and one Minus to reduce. Give the Interesting question most likely to change the decision an owner and a review point.

Run a Plus Minus Interesting retrospective

Open a ready board with Plus, Minus, and Interesting already in place. Sort the mixed evidence and leave with one focused next step.